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生物质炭对旱作春玉米农田N_2O排放的效应 被引量:10

Effect of Biochar on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Dryland Spring Corn Field on the Loess Plateau
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摘要 通过田间试验,采用密闭式静态暗箱-气相色谱法研究不同生物质炭添加量(0、10、20、30 t·hm-2)对黄土旱塬旱作春玉米农田 N2O 排放的影响。结果表明:生物质炭添加降低了施氮农田春玉米生长季 N2O 排放通量峰值和排放总量,添加30、20、10 t·hm-2生物质炭的三个处理 N2O 排放总量比不添加生物质炭的处理分别降低19.24豫、9.89豫、3.40豫,其中添加30 t·hm-2生物质炭处理降低显著(P〈0.05),但添加20 t·hm-2的生物质炭未对不施氮农田 N2O 排放通量和总量产生显著影响。无论添加生物质炭与否,生长季不施氮处理的 N2O 排放通量和总量均显著低于施氮处理。添加生物质炭不同程度提升了农田0 cm 和10 cm 土壤温度,减少了施氮处理0~20 cm 土壤 NH+4-N 和 NO-3-N 含量,但对农田0~20 cm 土层土壤含水量影响不显著。相关分析表明,试验农田 N2O 的排放通量与0~20 cm 土层土壤 NO-3-N 和 NH+4-N 含量、含水量均呈极显著正相关关系(P〈0.001),与0 cm 与10 cm 土壤温度呈负相关关系。添加生物质炭后矿质氮含量的减少可能是旱作春玉米农田 N2O 排放减少的主要原因。 A field experiment was conducted to measure N2O emissions using static chamber-gas chromatography method. Six treatments were used:C0N0(no biochar, no N), C2N0(20 t·hm-2 biochar, no N), C0N1(no biochar, 225 kg N·hm-2), C1N1(10 t·hm-2 biochar, 225 kg N·hm-2), C2N1(20 t·hm-2 biochar, 225 kg N·hm-2)and C3N1(30 t·hm-2 biochar, 225 kg N·hm-2). Compared to C0N1 treatment, biochar amendments decreased cumulative N2O emissions by 3.40%, 9.89% and 19.24% for the C1N1, C2N1 and C3N1, respectively. Ad-ditions of biochar increased soil temperature at 0 cm and 10 cm soil layers, but decreased mineral N content in 0~20 cm soil. Soil moisture in 0~20 cm was not affected by biochar. A significant positive correlation was found between N2O emissions and soil NO -3 -N, NH +4 -N con-tent and soil moisture in 0~20 cm soil, while a negative correction were observed between N2O emissions and soil temperature at 0 cm and 10 cm. The reduction in mineral N concentrations by biochar was the main factor that reduced the N2O emissions in dryland spring corn field.
出处 《农业环境科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第10期2063-2070,共8页 Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(51279197) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(YQ2013009) 陕西自然科学基金(2012JM3010) 甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项(2012GAAS15-22-4)
关键词 生物质炭 氧化亚氮 旱作玉米 氮肥 biochar nitrous oxide dryland corn nitrogen fertilizer
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