脑卒中患者社区护理需求及影响因素分析

Community care needs and influenc factors of stroke patients

目的调查脑卒中患者社区护理需求情况以及影响因素,为提高社区护理质量提供依据。方法于2013年6~12月,采用多阶段分层次整群抽样调查方法 ,对浙江省丽水市30个社区220例脑卒中患者进行调查。调查内容包括一般资料、日常活动能力（Barthel指数）、对社区护理的需求情况等,分析影响社区护理需求的因素。结果在社区护理需求的各维度中,患者对健康教育的需求最高,分值为（32.1±3.6）分,其次为提高自强我护理能力的护理需求,分值为（19.1±4.2）分。患者对社会支持的需求最低,分值为（10.2±3.1）分。多因素分析结果显示Barthel指数、工作状态、职业、经济收入、脑卒中类型是患者对社区护理的影响因素（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论脑卒中患者社区护理需求较强,其中对健康教育的需求最强。患者日常活动能力、工作状态、职业、经济收入、脑卒中类型是患者对社区护理的影响因素。

Objective To discuss community care needs and influenc factors of stroke patients, and provide the basis for improving the quality of community care. Methods From June to December 2013, 220 patients with stroke were surveyed by multi-tiered stage cluster sampling survey methods. The survey included general information, ADL （Barthel index）, community care needs, influencing factors of community care needs were analyzed. Results Community care needs dimensions, the highest demand was health education [（32.1±3.6） scores], next was to improve self-care capacity needs care [（19.1±4.2） scores], demands for social support was the lowest [（10.2±3.1） scores]. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with high Barthel index score, working position, occupation, income, stroke type were influence factor of community care needs （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Demand for community care of stroke patients is strong, where the strongest demand is health education. ADL score, working position, occupation, income, stroke type were in-fluence factor of community care needs.