168例缺铁性贫血患者病因分析

Pathogeny analysis of 168 iron-deficiency anemia cases

目的分析总结缺铁性贫血(IDA)的主要病因。方法回顾分析168例缺铁性贫血患者的临床资料。结果 168例IDA患者中致病因素包括:慢性胃炎9例(5.36%),消化性溃疡21例(12.50%),胃切除术后8例(4.76%),胃癌13例(7.74%),营养不良23例(13.69%),痔疮出血5例(2.98%),肝硬化脾亢6例(3.57%),胃息肉1例(0.60%),胃扭转1例(0.60%),胃间质瘤1例(0.60%),消化道出血3例(1.79%),乳腺癌1例(0.60%),月经过多11例(6.55%),子宫肌瘤22例(13.10%),结缔组织病长期服药患者18例(10.71%),先天性心脏病1例(0.60%),甲亢1例(0.60%),间断性鼻牙龈出血2例(1.19%),原因不明16例(9.52%),血液系统疾病5例(2.98%)。结论消化道疾病共68例,占40.48%,是IDA的主要致病因素,以慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡及胃肠道肿瘤为主,女性月经过多共33例,占19.64%,是女性患者常见原因,痔疮、间断性鼻牙龈出血、结缔组织患者长期服药等均是IDA的常见致病因素。

Objective To analyze and summarize the main pathogeny of iron-deficiency anemia （IDA）. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 168 patients with IDA. Results The pathogeny of the 168 IDA cases included 9 cases with chronic gastritis （5.36%）, 21 cases with peptic ulcer （12.50%）, 8 cases after gastrectomy （4.76%）, 13 cases with gastric carcinoma （7.74%）, 23 cases with malnutrition （13.69%）, 5 cases with hemorrhoidal bleeding （2.98%）, 6 cases with liver cirrhosis hypersplenism （3.57%）, 1 case with gastric polyps （0.60%）, 1 case with gastric volvulus （0.60%）, 1 case with gastric stromal tumor （0.60%）, 3 cases with alimentary tract hemorrhage （1.79%）, 1 case with breast cancer （0.60%）, 11 cases with hypermenorrhea （6.55%）, 22 cases with uterine fibroid （13.10%）, 18 cases with long-term medication for connective tissue diseases （10.71%）, 1 case with congenital heart disease （0.60%）, 1 case with hyperthyroidism （0.60%）, 2 cases with intermittent nasal gums bleeding （1.19%）, 16 cases with unknown causes （9.52%）, and 5 cases with hematological system diseases （2.98%）. Conclusion There are 68 cases with disease of digestive tract, which account for 40.48%, as the main pathogeny of IDA. Chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastroenteric tumor are the main diseases. There were 33 cases with hypermenorrhea, accounting for 19.64%, and it is the main pathogeny in women. Hemorrhoids, intermittent nasal gums bleeding, and long-term medication for connective tissue diseases are the common pathogeny of IDA.