应用GPS资料反演南极大气可降水量的试验分析

APPLICATION OF GPS TECHNOLOGY TO METEOROLOGY IN ANTARCTIC

本文研究的主要内容是从对流层天顶延迟来反演大气中的可降水量。利用我国长城和中山两站 1 998、1 999、2 0 0 0年参加全南极GPS国际联测所取得的南极地区的GPS数据 ,组成各期GPS网 ;采用高精度的GAMIT/GLOBK软件进行基线解算和网平差处理 ,使用多种数据处理方案 ,得到各时段两站对流层的天顶总延迟值 ,采用了Saastamonien和Hopfield两种模型分别进行天顶静力学延迟的解算来分离天顶静力学延迟。从两站的历史气象资料出发 ,通过回归计算得到适合两站 1、2月份的转换系数K ;然后进行天顶湿延迟至可降水量的转换 ,结合现场的气象资料进行对比分析。各期数据均取得了较为满意的结果。

This paper mainly discusses how to deduce the atmospheric Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) from tropospheric zenith wet delay using ground based GPS receivers. The data from SCAR Epoch 1998/1999/2000 Antarctic GPS Campaigns are used to construct the GPS analytical networks. A high accuracy GPS processing software package--GAMIT/GLOBK is utilized; Multiple schemes are adopted and we got the tropospheric zenith all delay. Two kinds of models, Saastamonien and Hopfield, are used to calculate the zenith dry delay. Before calculating the atmospheric Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV), we firstly use the long term meteorological data of the two stations to calculate the K value, which is accommodated with the time January and February of the two stations. After that wet zenith delay is calculated into PWV, and field meteorologic data are combined to analyzing. Good results are achieved for all sessions and stations.