公众参与创新的社会网络:创客运动与创客空间

Public parti cipation of innovation:maker movement and makerspaces

技术与社会的协同发展催生创新组织形式的不断演变。近年来,信息技术与生产技术进一步融合,重构了传统的制造业和创新活动的边界,正在蓬勃发展的"创客运动"在这个过程中扮演着重要角色。基于文献调研、历史分析与参与式观察,本文追溯创客运动发展的历史,对创客运动和创客空间的概念、模式及特征展开初步分析,进而总结了创客空间的创新模式。本文认为,创客运动的发展根植于不断扩展的全球"创客空间"网络,显示出了以开源、大众创新为特征的新型创新模式,成为数字世界真正颠覆实体世界的助推器。本质上,创客运动代表了公众参与创新的新趋向。

The co-evolution of technology and society spawned evolving organizational forms of innovation.In recent years,with the further integration of information technology and production technology,the traditional boundary of manufacture and innovation activities is blurred.The booming Maker Movement is playing an important role in this process.Based on literature review and participatory observation,this paper traces the history of the development of Maker Movement,and provides a preliminary analysis of the concept,models and characters of Maker Movement.This paper suggests that the development of Maker Movement is based on the expanding global network of Makerspaces,characterized with open source,peer innovation.It is becoming a booster for the digital world to subvert the physical world.Essentially,it represents a new trend of public participation of innovation.