区域协同创新效率的多维溢出效应

Multidimensional Spillover Effect of Regional Cooperative Innovation Efficiency

基于价值链活动,本文将创新过程划分为两个相互关联的子阶段(知识创新和产品创新),并构建了两阶段非合作博弈的创新效率评价方法,对中国(区域)知识创新效率、产品创新效率及整体创新效率进行测算。在此基础上,将空间溢出和价值链溢出纳入统一的分析框架中检验中国创新效率的多维溢出效应。研究结果显示,创新价值链不同环节之间存在显著主从关联,知识创新效率和产品创新效率之间相互牵制成为制约中国创新的共同因素。两阶段效率失衡问题明显,产品创新效率明显低于知识创新效率。创新价值链中知识创新的前向关联溢出效应显著,而产品创新的后向关联效应缺失。中国创新效率空间依赖性明显,具有地理空间集群特征,这种溢出效应在东部地区显得更加突出。创新溢出和传播会受到创新主体之间地理距离的限制,随着空间距离的扩大,创新溢出强度呈现脉冲式衰减。一方面,要破除行政壁垒篱笆,促进创新资源在不同地区之间的互通有无,实现创新空间外部性最大化;另一方面,要加强不同创新环节的合作和联系,尤其是要充分利用产品创新的后向关联效应,实现创新价值链的协同创新。

Based on the perspective of value chain, this paper decomposes the innovation stage into interrelated sub stages, namely knowledge innovation and product innovation, and constructs innovation efficiency evaluation method of two-stage non-cooperative game to calculate the efficiency of knowledge innovation, product innovation and overall innovation of China. On this basis, the spatial spillover and value chain innovation spillover are integrated into innovation analysis framework. And a variety of spatial econometric models are used to test innovation efficiency of spatial and value-chain spillover effects of China. The study found that： there is significant correlation between the knowledge innovation and product innovation, mutual restraint between the efficiency of knowledge innovation and product innovation has become the common factors restricting Chinese innovation. The imbalance of efficiency of two stages is obvious, the efficiency of product innovation is obviously lower than that of knowledge innovation. Forward spillover effect of knowledge innovation to product innovation is obvious, backward feedback of product innovation to knowledge innovation is missing. The knowledge （product） innovation efficiency has obvious spatial dependence, the spatial spillover effect and value chain spillover effect of the eastern region is more outstanding. Innovation spillover and dissemination will be subjected to geographic distance between innovation subjects, with the expansion of space distance, innovation spillover intensity presents pulse attenuation.