《西游记》中“吃”的四种维度释义及哲学批判

Interpretation and Philosophical Criticism on Eating in Four Dimensions in Pilgrimage to the West

世本《西游记》从四个层次上分别呈现了"吃神",即妖魔对唐僧肉与灵丹妙药的觊觎与贪恋;"神吃",即仙家享受百姓的祭祀供奉;"吃人",即妖魔的以吃人为生的邪恶性与恐怖性;"人吃",群众在除妖之后的请吃,以及作为特殊个案猪八戒的贪吃。通过对不同维度"吃"的释义,"吃"的概念在小说中的特殊意味可以被揭示出来;同时,在哲学评判的基础上,尝试着对中国历史文化心理结构与机制作一个反思。

This article demonstrated and analyzed the eating divine from the four dimensions： （1） the eating divine, demon＇s covetous of Tang Priest＇s flesh; （2） immortal＇s eating, enjoying sacrifice from masses; （3） eating human beings, symbolizing evil and horror, and （4） masses~ eating, expressing congratulations after wiping out demons, and pigsy＇s gluttony as an indi- vidual case. By interpreting the significance of eating in different contexts, we try to reveal the particular implications from the concept of eating in this novel and at the same time, we can reflect the construction and mechanism of historical-cultural psychology based on a philosophical assessment.