汉语存在句的系统功能语法研究

A systemic functional study of Chinese existential clauses

本文从加的夫系统功能语法视角探讨汉语存在句,发现汉语主要有"地点型"、"方向型"和"属有型"存在句,分别属于"地点型"、"方向型"和"属有型"关系过程小句。作者主张将汉语和英语的存在句纳入同一及物性系统,进行统一的句法-语义分析。在此基础上,本文对汉语存在句进行了更为精细的分类,提出了存在句分类表。本研究在一定程度上证明了系统功能语言学作为普通语言学的地位及其理论的普适性,其理论也适用于汉语语法分析。

This paper approaches the Chinese existential clauses from the perspective of the Cardiff model of Sys temic Functional Grammar. It is revealed that existential clauses in Chinese fall into three major categories(i.e. locational, directional and possessive), representing clauses of the locational, directional and possessive relational processes, respectively. It is argued that Chinese and English existential clauses should be accommodated into the same transitivity system and analyzed syntactically and semantically in a principled way.On the basis of their syntactico-semantic analysis, it explores the further classification of Chinese existential clauses and presents a taxonomy of such clauses. This research thus testifies, to some degree, to the status of Systemic Functional Linguistics as a general linguistics and its applicability to the grammatical analysis of Chinese.