“新史学”视域下的美国公共卫生史研究述评

A Review of American Public Health History Research in Light of New Historiography

美国公共卫生史研究起步于1950年代,在"新史学"思潮和社会现实影响下,经过半个多世纪的发展,完成了由传统视野向社会、文化新视角的转向,并在区域公共卫生、公共卫生机制、传染病防治以及群体健康四大领域形成了一批具有影响力的研究成果。公共卫生史的兴起,拓展了美国史的解释维度,刺激了不同学科的交流,并有助于推动公共卫生事业的发展。但受"新史学"影响,这一领域也存在内容碎化、忽视传统研究对象、缺乏比较性研究等问题。

The study of American public health history started in 1950s. It through the half-century of development has completed the social and culture diversion under the influence of new history thoughts and social reality, and achieved results in the fields of the regional public health, public health administration, prevention of infections diseases and the health of populations. The rising study of the history of public health extends the study of American history in depth and scope,enhances the communication of different subjects and promotes the development of public health, however affected by the new history, there are serious problems.