异化的生产方式与资本主义的生态危机--福斯特的资本主义危机论解读

Alienated Mode of Production and Ecological Crisis of Capitalism:On John Bellamy Foster's Idea of Capitalist Crisis

福斯特认为,由于这个社会上的大多数人已经内化了生产方式的内涵,因此,当下社会体制的核心是生产方式而不是个人道德。他在解读资本主义生态危机时具有很强劲的生产方式视角,这与他坚持从劳动或实践的角度来理解社会与自然的关系直接相关的。但遗憾的是,他只是在异化的生产方式的对面,树立了一种理想化的生产方式,并把它标榜为通过一定的社会运动就可以实现的理想目标。这跟他在方法论上无法进入历史唯物主义的视域直接相关。

In Foster＇ s opinion, most people in this society have internalized the contents of the productive mode, so that the core of this social system is not the personal morality but the mode of production. Foster＇ s interpretation of capitalist ecological crisis has a very strong horizon of produc- tive mode, this is because that he insists on importance of labor or practice when he figures out the relations between society and nature. But the shortcoming is that Foster only sets up an ideal mode of production in the opposite way of alienated productive mode, and regards it as an object which can be reached by some social movements. This is because Foster can not enter methodologically the the- oretical horizon of Historical Materialism.