马克思的良法观及其时代意义

Marx's View on Good Law and Its Contemporary Significance

马克思通过"真正的法律"与"形式上的法律"的区分,阐明了良法必须是"真正的法律"这一意涵。就良法的实体标准而言,它必须是体现"理性"、"自由"和"实质正义"的法律;就良法的形式标准来说,法律必须"明确"而"普遍"。良法作为一种成文规则,还必须以自然法、习惯法以及法律原则作为辅助渊源。马克思的良法观对于推动当代中国的法治事业具有重要的理论意义和实践价值,这尤其表现在良法理念是法律进化的精神动力、实质正义相对于形式正义的优先性以及在一定范围内允许法官有造法的权利之上。

Marx clarifies that the law must be the " real law" by distinguishing the " real law" and the "law in form". The substantial standards of a good law require that the law must reflect rationality,freedom and the substantive justice. The formal standards of a good law require that the law must be clear and universal. As a written rule,a good law must take the natural law,customary law and legal principles as its auxiliary sources. Marx's view on good law has important theoretical significance and practical value to promote the rule of law in contemporary China. Its significance is especially expressed in two aspects: the view of good law is the spiritual power of legal theory evolution; the substantive justice is prior to formal justice and judge should be allowed to make law within limits.