市场抑或网络:中国转型经济中的求职方式

Market or Network: the Way of Getting A Job in China's Transitional Economy

长期以来,关于中国转型经济中人们的求职方式存在两种对立的观点,即市场机制和社会网络机制。前者认为,随着中国经济的市场化转型,市场方式将是人们求职的主要方式;而后者认为即使随着经济的这种转型,社会网络仍将是人们求职的主要方式。通过分析2007年"城市新移民"调查数据,本文发现随着计划经济向市场经济的不断转变,个人越来越倚重于市场方式求职,人情关系的作用在降低。这也说明,随着经济的市场化转型,个人的经济活动将逐渐脱离开传统关系文化的束缚,受市场力量越来越大的影响。

For a long time,there were two opposing points of view on job-hunting methods in China's transitional economy,the market mechanism and social network mechanism. The former believe that with the market transition of China economy,the market channel will be the main way for people to apply for a job; but the latter think that even with this economic transformation,the social network will still be the major job-hunting way. Using data from the New Urban Immigrants 2007,this paper shows that along with the continuously changing from the planned economy to the market economy,people relied more and more on the market way of getting a job,guanxi is in reducing. It also shows that with the market economic transition,personal economic activities will be gradually off the bondage of traditional guanxi culture,and will be affected by the market forces more and more.