对中美综合国力的评估(1990—2013年)

The Evaluation on the Comprehensive National Power of China and the U. S. A.( 1990- 2013)

综合国力就是实现国家战略目标的综合的、实际的能力,也反映了一个国家的治理能力。中国与美国在过去20多年间,特别是过去十几年间,综合国力发生了根本性的改变,这是建立中美新型大国关系的实力基础。通过选择可量化、可比较、可检验的指标,计算1990年至2013年间中国和美国八大类国家战略资源以及综合国力占世界比重,可对中美关系两国综合实力作出评估。计算结果显示,中国综合国力不断提高,并与世界最强大、最发达的国家美国之间的相对差距迅速缩小。中国要把握崛起的历史机遇,积极应对各种挑战,赢得战略优势和主动,确保到2020年实现全面建成小康社会的"富民目标",综合国力再迈上一个新台阶,成为真正意义上的世界强国。另外,中国在进一步提高综合国力方面仍然有很大空间、很大潜力。当然我们也应承认,中国在发展水平,特别是人均指标方面,同美国仍有较大差距。

The comprehensive national power is the integrated and practical capability to achieve the objectives of the country strategy,which also reflects the governance capability of the country. Over the past two decades,especially the past few years,China and the U. S. A. have undergone fundamental changes in comprehensive national power,which is the foundational power for building up a new type of relation between China and the U. S. A.Taking comprehensive national power as the analytical framework,and selecting a series of quantifiable,comparable and verifiable indicators,this paper calculates eight national strategic resources and the comprehensive national power of China and the U. S. A. from 1990 to 2013. The results show that China's comprehensive national power has improved constantly,and the relative gap with the U. S. A.,the most powerful and most well developed country in the world,has been narrowed down very fast. But on the other hand,China still has a lot of potential and space in enhancing its comprehensive national power. Basing on the evaluation of comprehensive national power,this paper analyzes the main path of improving China's comprehensive national power in the future.