硅基光电子学的最新进展

Recent progress of silicon photonics

随着人们对信息容量、速度以及成本的迫切要求,低成本、高度集成的硅基光电子学蓬勃发展,成为光通信、高速计算机等领域的研究热点和非常有前景的关键技术.硅基光电子学是一种可以用硅基集成电路上的投资、设施、经验以及技术来设计、制造、封装光器件和光电集成电路,在集成度、可制造性和扩展性方面达到集成电路的水平,从而在成本、功耗、尺寸上取得突破的一种技术.最近几年,硅基光电子集成技术已经发展到了一个崭新的阶段,各个关键的硅基光电子器件都已经达到商用化的标准,部分性能甚至超过目前的商用器件,引起了产业界的广泛关注.本文从硅基光电子学的几个关键器件入手,包括波导、光栅、偏振分束器、混频器、滤波器、调制器、探测器和激光器,详细介绍了该方向的研究进展,特别是最近5年的重大突破;随后介绍了硅基光电子学在光互连、光通信、光传感、太阳能电池等几方面的重大应用;最后提出硅基光电子学未来发展方向和目前面临的主要挑战.

As people urgently require more information capacity, higher speed and lower cost, silicon photonics become a hot topic and very promising key technologies in optical communications and high-speed computers fields. Silicon photonics is a kind of technology to fabricate optoelectronic devices on silicon platform by using standard CMOS integrated circuit. The cost, power consumption, and size of devices can be reduced significantly using the investment, facilities, and experience of CMOS integrated circuit design, manufacturing, packaging, integration, and scalability. In recent years, silicon photonics has developed to a new stage, many key components have reached commercial standards, the part of performance is even higher than current commercial devices. In this paper, we introduce the recenct major breakthrough of silicon photonics, includinig some key components, waveguides, gratings, polarization beam splitters, mixers, filters, modulators, detectors and lasers. Finally, silicon photoncis future development direction and challenges are presented briefly.