歙县许村方言异读及音变现象研究

Variant Pronunciation and Phonetic Change in Xu Village Dialect in She County

方言存在异读是一种普遍现象,从歙县许村方言[1]的实际情况看,其异读情况主要有四种表现形式:一是文白异读,二是元音内部屈折变化,三是变调,四是在语音发展中产生的合音现象。而音变则是在语流中由于音节的相互影响而产生的语音变化,从许村方言看,主要是清入与平、上、去三声结合而产生的变化。严格意义上说,它不属于异读,是与异读有本质区别的语音变化形式。对于这两种现象的研究,对于揭示方言语音与中古音韵的联系具有一定的意义。尤其是方言语音内部元音的屈折变化的研究,对于中古汉语是否存在形态变化更具有一定的理论意义。

It is a universal phenomenon that dialects can have different readings. From the actual situation of Xu Village dialect in She County, there arc four forms of variant pronunciation the first one is literary and colloquial reading the second one is the internal inflectional vowels the third one is the tone sandhi; and the last one is the syneresis phenomenon occurring in the development of speech. Sound change is a kind of phonetic change in language flow due to the mutual influence of syllables. In speaking of Xu Village dialect, the change is mainly due to the combination of the Qing fouth tone with the level tone, the falling and rising tone and the falling tone. In the strict sense, it does not belong to different pronunciation, but a voice change form which has an essential difference with different pronunciation. Studies on the two kinds of phenomena are significant to revealing the dialect and medieval phonology link. And above all the research on inflectional dialect speech internal vowel has a theoretical significance in studying the existence of morphological changes in medieval Chinese.