农业技术进步与要素禀赋的耦合协调度测算

Coupling Coordination Degree Analysis of the Agricultural Technology Progress and Factor Endowment in China

要素禀赋条件是农业发展的根本制约,技术进步是实现我国农业发展方式转变的巨大动力,两者间的高度耦合协调是我国农业现代化的必然要求。改革开放以来,我国农业要素禀赋和技术条件都有所变化。本文从耦合关系的视角,利用耦合协调模型,建立相应的指标体系,分析了改革开放以来我国农业技术进步和要素禀赋的耦合协调性,并对各地区间两者的耦合协调关系进行了比较。结果发现:在过去一段时间内,我国农业要素禀赋结构的优化速度滞后于技术进步的步伐;农业技术进步与要素禀赋的耦合性没有发生明显波动,一直处于颉颃阶段,且呈现出"U"型的变化趋势;1981—2011年间,我国农业技术进步和要素禀赋的耦合协调度逐年提高,已由改革开放初的低度耦合协调发展成为高度耦合协调;各地区间农业技术进步和要素禀赋的耦合性存在一定差异,多数地区两者间耦合协调关系属于中度耦合协调型,北京和西藏两地仍处于低水平耦合阶段,仅江苏、山东、河南、广东四省为高度耦合协调型。在农业改革过程中,应着重强调发挥市场在促进农业技术进步和要素禀赋结构升级中的决定性作用,为实现两者的高度耦合创造良好的制度环境。同时,应充分考虑我国各地区农业要素禀赋条件的差异性,选择与当地要素禀赋相适应的技术类型,以期最大限度地发挥生产要素的作用和技术本身的效率。

Factor endowment conditions are the fundamental constraint of agricultural development. Technology progress is the massive dynamic for the transformation of China＇ s agricultural development mode. Both China＇ s agricultural factor endowment and technology conditions have changed since reform and opening up. From the perspective of coupling relationship and using the coupling coordination model, this paper established corresponding index system, analyzes the coupling coordination degree of the agricultural technology progress and factor endowment in China since reform and opening up and compared the coupling relationship between the two in all regions. The results are as follows： during the past period of time, the speed of optimizing Chinas agricultural endowment structure lags behind the paee of technological progress ; there is no obvious flnctualion between agricuhural technology progress and factor endowment and the coupling relationship between them has always been in the stage of mutual confrontation, showing a change trend of ＇ U＇ type; 1981- 2011, the eoupling relationship between the two gradually increased, and has changed from the low degree of coupled eoordination to highly coupled coordination; there is a certain difference between the two in all regions, the eoupled coordination of most of regions belongs to moderate type of coupling coordination, Beijing and Tibet are still in the low coupling stage, and only Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Guangdong belong to highly coupled coordination type. During agrieultural reform process, market＇ s decisive role in promoting agricultural technological progress and factor endowments＇ structure upgrading should be emphasized, achieving good institutional environment to realize the highly coupling of the two. Meanwhile, China＇ s regional agricultural condition differences of factor endowments should be fully considered and corresponding technology type adapting local factor endowments should be selected, in order to maximize the effect of production factors and the efficiency of technology.