从“动词核心”看隐性使动句

Research on Covert Causative Sentences

使动句有两个显性语义构件和一个隐性语义构件,其语义构件的组构框架是"致事+使+役事+补事",其句法映射框架是"主语+谓语中心+宾语+补语"。使动旬是在"使"字结构的基础上通过作格动词提升和致使动词插入等操作手段生成的。使动句构造的制约机制是:淡化致使方式、凸显役事、V是兼类词——既是表性状的作格动词又是致使动词、隐含致使义。使动句的致使义从根本上说来自于底层结构的单纯致使动词"使"。

There are two overt semantic components and a covert one in a causative sentence.Its semantic framework is'causer+shi(使)+causee+result'and its syntactic projeetion framework is'subject+predicate center+obiect+complement'.The causative sentence is generated from sentences with'shi(使)'through raising the ergative verb and inserting a causative verb.The mechanisms of the causative sentence are weakening causative manner,making the causee prominent,conceiving the causative meaning,and employing a multi-function verb,i.e.,a verb which is both ergative and causative.Fundamentally the causative meaning of a causative sentence iS from the pure causative verb'shi(使)'in the deep structure。