利用不同盐度诱导长牡蛎三倍体的研究

A Methodological Study on the Induction of Triploidy Oyster with Different Salinities

采用低盐度（4、6、8、10、12、14、16）和高盐度（40、45、50、55、60、65、70）在40％～50％受精卵出现第一极体时处理10和15 min,进行长牡蛎三倍体的诱导.在低盐度诱导三倍体实验中,随着盐度降低,D型幼虫孵化率逐渐降低,处理10和15 min的卵裂率差异显著（P＜0.05）,孵化率差异不显著（P＞0.05）.当盐度为8时,处理受精卵10与15 min,三倍体诱导率最高分别可达84.4％和91.0％,两处理组三倍体诱导率差异显著（P＜0.05）.在高盐度诱导三倍体实验中,随着盐度升高,D型幼虫孵化率逐渐降低,处理10和15 min的卵裂率和孵化率均差异显著（P＜0.05）.当盐度为55时,处理受精卵10 min,三倍体诱导率最高为80.3％;当盐度为60时,处理受精卵15 min,三倍体诱导率最高为97.1％,两处理组三倍体诱导率差异显著（P＜0.05）.研究发现,在盐度为8和60条件下,40％～50％的受精卵出现第一极体时,处理15 min,长牡蛎三倍体诱导率最高.

Triploidy Crassostrea gigas was induced by inhibiting polar body Ⅱ （PB2） releasing with low salinities （4,6,8,10,12,14 and 16） and high-salinities （40,45,50,55,60,65 and 70） when 40％～ 50％ of PB1 were observed.The inducing time was 10 and 15 min,rewspectively.The results showed that triploid was inducible with with both low and high salinities.When the salinity converged to the natural,hatchery rate increased.The difference of cleavage rate among low salinities and reducing times was significant （P＜0.05） while the difference of hatchery rate was similar （P＞0.05）.Flow cytometry analysis showed that the highest triploidization rate was 84.4％ （10 min） and 91.0％ （15 min） at lowsalinities （S=8）,and the difference of triploidization rate was significant （P＜0.05）.The differences of cleavage and hatchery rates of high salinities were significant （P＜0.05）.The highest triploidization rate were 80.3％ （S=55,10 min） and 97.1％ （S=60,15 min）,and the difference of triploidization rate was significant （P＜0.05）.The zygotes of C.gigas induced for 15 min at 8 and 60 salinities when 40％～50％ of PB1 appeared could yield the highest triploidy.