论特德·休斯中后期诗歌的社会生态观

On Ted Hughes' s Social Ecology in His Mid-late Poetry

特德·休斯早期和中期的诗歌突出表现了自然与人之间的对立和隔离,中后期诗歌则深入探究了自然与社会之间复杂且深厚的联系,表达了一种较前期更为成熟的自然观或如著名休斯研究者特里·吉福德所称的"社会生态观"。本文以休斯中后期的三部代表诗集为主要研究对象,分析诗人的社会生态观在其中的具体表现,如《埃尔默废墟》再现了荒原上的文明印迹,《望狼》书写了人与动物共同承受的悲戚命运,《河流》传达了诗人对环境污染问题的现实关切。文章还特别关注作为休斯社会生态观之重要组成部分的地方意识,在加强其生态意识和社会责任感方面所起到的不可或缺的作用。

While Ted Hughes＇ s early and middle poetry shows animals and humans as opposing or cut out from each other, his mid-late poetry explores the deep and complex relationship between nature and human society, expressing a view of nature that is much more profound than his earlier view and defined by Terry Gifford as ＂social ecological.＂ The present paper is to analyze Hughes＇ s social ecology in three of his best works published between the late 1970 s and the late 1980 s, namely Remains of Elmet, Wolfwatching, and River. It also pays special attention to the indispensable role played by Hughes＇ s place consciousness as an important part of his social ecology in strengthening the poet＇s eco-consciousness and social responsibility.