何处安心是吾乡——临终关怀机构的空间分析

Space Analyses of Hospice Care Institution

临终关怀是指对不能治愈的患者采取积极的、全人的照顾,控制疼痛及其他症状,以确保患者和家属的最佳生活品质,结合心理及精神层面的照顾,让患者有尊严地活出自己的生命,并提供家属在患者生病期间及逝后哀伤的各种支持性服务。临终关怀机构通过"身、心、灵、社"关怀空间的构建,响应着临终关怀的理念,将自己塑造成为末期疾病患者的心安之处。以关怀为理念的临终关怀机构,又和以"康复"、"救死扶伤"为理念的医院提供的空间并置、相互渗透,成为一种典型的福柯所谓兼具"危机异托邦"和"偏离异托邦"性质的空间。

Hospice care is the positive and overall care for patients whose diseases can＇t be cured,which focuses on pain control and other symptoms management,to ensure the highest life quality of patients and their families. With the psychosomatic and spiritual care,hospice care provides various support services,including bereavement and grief,to the families during the patients＇ illness and after their death. The goal of hospice care is to improve quality of life for patients and their families who are living with dignity. Constructing the＂Body、Mind、Spirit、Social＂spaces to response to the hospice care philosophy,hospice institutions aims to help patients with terminal disease to have a peace. Hospice institutions which focus on ＂care＂and hospitals which focus on ＂rehabilitation＂and ＂healing the sick＂are in the same space,and mutual penetration,becoming classic spaces that Michel Foucault called＂crisis heterotopias＂and＂deviation Heterotopias ＂.