东白山自然保护区木荷-马尾松群落结构及物种多样性分析

Community structure and species diversity of Schima superba-Pinus massoniana communities in Dongbaishan Nature Reserve

对东白山(Dongbaishan,DBS)1hm2森林样地内胸径≥1cm的木本植物进行统计,初步分析了样地的区系成分、物种组成、群落结构和α多样性.结果表明:样地内共计木本植物48种,隶属23科36属,总计5 493株,以常绿树种为主,共25种,占总优势度的98.18%,重要值的95.22%,总个体数的96.65%;群落内有明显的优势种、偶见种和部分稀有种,木荷(Schima superba)和马尾松(Pinus massoniana)占显著优势;偶见种和稀有种分别占总物种数的35.42%和20.83%;群落区系类型温带成分相对较多,属级水平温带分布占总属数的52.77%,热带分布占44.44%;群落的垂直结构由林冠层(18种)、亚乔木层(27种)和灌木层(41种)组成.群落中物种相对丰富,物种多样性由高到低整体表现为:灌木层>亚乔木层>林冠层.样地内木本植物物种总径级分布整体呈倒"J"形,群落总体更新良好,但马尾松幼苗储存不足,预示群落将由木荷-马尾松林向木荷林演替,发展为典型的常绿阔叶林.

Floristic composition, species composition, community structure and alpha diversity were preliminarily an- alyzed based on the statistics data of all free standing trees ≥ 1 cm DBH （diameter at 1.3 m above ground） in Dongbaishan （DBS） 1 hm2 forest plot, Zhejiang Province, China. The result indicates that there are 48 species, 36 genera and 23 families, 5 493 individuals in total after removing withered. The evergreen tree species are dominant （i. e. 25 species, total relative dominance is 98.18%, and the importance value is 95.22%, accounting for 96.65% of the total abundance）. DBS forest plot has obvious dominant species, occasional species and rare species. Schima superba and Pinus massoniana are the main dominant species. Occasional and rare species account for 35.42% and 20. 83% of the species richness, respectively. Temperate elements are relatively more than the tropical elements. Tem- perate genera and tropic ones account for 52. 77% and 44. 44% of floristic composition at genus level. Vertical structure is composed of canopy layer （18 species） , sub-tree layer （27 species） , and shrub layer （41 species）. Com- munity is relatively rich in species, and the alpha diversity distributes in the order of shrub layer〉 sub-tree layer〉 canopy layer. The structure of DBH size class of all species in the plot generally appears reverse ＂J＂ shape, which indicates successful community regeneration. As the seedling of Pinus massoniana is insufficient, the community type of DBS forest plot might be replaced by Schima superba forest, and grow into a typical subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in the future.