超高速电梯气压控制系统的风口布局优化分析

Analysis of Air Pressure Control and Tuyere Layout Simulation of Ultra-High-Speed Elevator

超高速电梯在运行过程中,轿厢内气压的快速变化会对乘客的耳朵产生压耳感。为了减轻这种压耳感,有些超高速电梯内配备了气压控制系统,能够使电梯轿厢内的气压在运行过程中呈线性地变化,从而降低气压变化率,改善乘客的压耳感。但那些气压控制系统的风口布局方式会对乘客产生不舒适的吹风感。为了解决上述问题,提出了一种新的风口布局方式。为了验证其合理性,运用计算流体力学分析软件Fluent对气压控制过程中的增减压过程进行了数值仿真,并对不同送排风口的设置以及在不同的风口高度下,电梯轿厢内的风速场进行分析。仿真结果表明,采用非对称的风口布局方式在人体头部周围产生的风速较小,是一种较优的风口布局方式。

When ultra-high-speed elevator goes up and down, the fast change of the air pressure in elevator car can cause a feel of ear pressure on passengers. To relieve this uncomfortable feel, some ultra-high-speed elevators are equipped with air pressure control systems. With＇ this kind of control system, the pressure in the elevator car can change linearly when the elevator is running, thus reducing the air pressure change rate and improving the feel of ear pressure on passengers. But the former tuyere layout of the air pressure control system can bring uncomfortable draught sensation on passengers. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a new kind of tuyere layout. In order to verify its rationality, the pressurization and depressurization in the air pressure control processes were simulated by Fluent software. And the air speed fields of the different layouts and different heights of the tuyeres were analyzed. The results show that the asymmetric tuyere layout can produce a lower air speed around the human head. So it is an optimized layout.