肠道氨基酸和小肽转运载体的基因表达、影响因素与分子调控机制

Gene Expression,Influence Factors and Molecular Regulation of Amino Acid and Peptide Transporters in Intestine

饲粮蛋白质在瘤胃或肠道被降解成多肽,并进一步被分解成氨基酸和小肽,然后被吸收、利用。肠道氨基酸的转运受多种氨基酸转运载体,如中性、酸性和碱性氨基酸转运载体等的调节,小肽的转运则由小肽转运载体1介导。目前,对氨基酸及小肽转运载体基因的表达和功能调节相关的分子机制还不清楚,有待于进一步研究。本文综述了动物小肠肽与氨基酸转运载体等,重点介绍了其基因表达调节的分子机制、影响因素以及营养调控方面的研究进展。

Dietary proteins are degraded into amino acids and small peptides in the rumen or intestinal tract, and then absorbed and utilized. Transportation of amino acids is regulated by amino acids transporters, including neutral, acidic and alkaline amino acid transporters, whereas the uptake of small peptides is performed by peptide transporter 1. At present, the molecular mechanisms for expression of genes of relevant transporters and function regulation are still not clear, and warrants further study. This article reviewed amino acid and peptide transporters in the intestinal tract, focusing on recent advances on molecular mechanisms for control of expression of amino acid and peptide transporters genes, factors influencing these expressions, and their nutritional regulation.