大豆饲料产品中主要抗营养因子含量的检测与分析

Detection and Analysis of Main Antinutritional Factors Content in Soybean Products

本试验旨在应用间接竞争酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法以及色谱法测定不同加工工艺的大豆饲料产品中主要大豆抗营养因子大豆球蛋白、β-伴大豆球蛋白和胰蛋白酶抑制因子以及大豆中蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖的含量。采用ELISA试剂盒对国内257份大豆制品中大豆球蛋白、β-伴大豆球蛋白和胰蛋白酶抑制因子含量进行检测与分析;利用离子色谱建立了大豆产品中蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖的灵敏、准确的同步测定法,并对国内92份大豆制品中寡糖含量进行检测与分析。结果表明:发酵豆粕、膨化大豆、大豆浓缩蛋白和大豆分离蛋白中大豆球蛋白、β-伴大豆球蛋白和胰蛋白酶抑制因子含量相对较低;本试验所建立的离子色谱同步测定大豆中蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖的方法具有灵敏度和准确性高、重现性好的优点,适用于大豆寡糖的测定;通过对实际样品的检测和分析,发现发酵豆粕和大豆分离蛋白中3种大豆寡糖含量均相对较低。本试验所得到不同加工工艺的大豆产品中主要抗营养因子含量的相关数据将为大豆在畜禽饲料中的高效利用提供很好的技术支撑。

This experiment was conducted to determine the content of main soybean antinutritional factors （ glycinin, β-conglycinin and trypsin inhibitor） and the content of sucrose, raffinose and stachyose in soybean used the competitive indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ ELISA） method and chromatographic method. The contents of glycinin, β-conglycinin and trypsin inhibitor in 257 soybean products were detected and analyzed by ELISA reagent kits. A high sensitivity and accurate detection system for the sucrose, raffinose and stachyose was established which used ion chromatography, and the content of oligosaccharide in 92 soybean products were detected and analyzed. The results showed that the contents of glycinin,β-conglycinin and trypsin inhibitor in fermented soybean meal, extruded soybean, soybean protein concentrate and soybean protein i-solate were lower than those in the others. The ion chromatography method which used for detected the su-crose, raffinose and stachyose had high sensitivity and accurate and good repeatability, and suitable for detected the oligosaccharide in soybean. The contents of sucrose, raffinose and stachyose in fermented soybean meal and soybean protein isolate were lower than those in the others. These data of main soybean antinutritional fac-tors in soybean products with different processing technology can be useful for the high efficient utilization of soybean in feeds for livestock.