近红外与中红外光谱技术在土壤分析中的应用

Application of Near-and Mid-infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopic Techniques in Soil Analysis

传统的土壤分析方法周期长、成本高,不能在短时间内获取所需的土壤信息,如何快速、准确地获取土壤信息成为农业现代化的必然要求。漫反射光谱技术以其快速、廉价、非破坏与无污染等特点,已成为环境研究中获取相关土壤信息的重要技术手段,其中的近红外（NIR,780-2 500 nm）和中红外（MIR,2 500-25 000 nm）光谱技术预测土壤理化特性逐渐成为国内外学者研究的重点领域。文章介绍了近红外和中红外光谱技术的基本原理和分析方法,综述了该技术在土壤分析方面的具体应用,并对此提出了一些观点和展望。

The traditional analysis method of soil can not obtain the required soil information in a short time because of its disadvantages of time consumption and high cost.How to detect the soil information rapidly and accurately is an inevitable requirement for modern agriculture.As a rapid,inexpensive,non-destructive and pollution free analytical method,diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy is widely used in many fields,and it has been no doubt an important approach to obtain soil quality related messages.The potentials of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy（NIR,780-2 500 nm） and diffuse mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy（MIR,2 500-25 000 nm） to analyse the chemical and physical characteristics of soil attract many countries attentions.In the present paper,the principles and methods of near-and mid-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopic techniques were introduced concisely.The applications of this technique in analysis of soil were reviewed,and some comments and prospects concerning the future development of this technique were presented.