论慈善信托对力求近似原则的适用

On the Application of the Cy-Pres Doctrine in the Charitable Trust

力求近似原则是慈善信托的一项重要制度安排,是慈善信托区别于一般信托的重要标志之一。英美国家在其慈善信托制度中广泛地运用力求近似原则,并在力求近似原则的适用范围、适用规则等方面形成了比较成熟的规定。与英美国家相比较,我国慈善信托对力求近似原则的适用存在适用范围相对比较狭窄,没有关于"通常的慈善意图"的规定,批准管理机构不科学等不足之处。为了完善我国力求近似原则的适用,我们应该借鉴英美国家的作法,通过完善相关立法的方式,扩展力求近似原则的适用范围;在相关立法中,加入"通常的慈善意图"的规定;赋予法院力求近似原则适用的批准权。

The cy-pres doctrine is the important system of the charitable trust. The cy-pres doctrine is widely applied by the charitable trust in England and the USA and formed many fairly rules. Compared with England and the USA, there are many shortcomings in the application of the cy-pres doctrine in china, including that the scope of application is relatively limited and there are not rules about the general charitable purposes and the court is not entitled to grant approval the application of the cy-pres doctrine,In order to perfect the application of the cy-pres doctrine,we should introduce advanced practice of England and the USA. By way of improvement of relevant legislation,we should extend the scope of the application of the cy-pres doctrine and add the general charitable purposes in relevant legislation and entitle the court to grant approval the application of the cy-pres doctrine.