福利国家与私人慈善的法律经济学比较分析

A Lexeconics Comparative Analysis of Welfare State and Private Charity

福利国家与私人慈善是当今世界财富无偿转移的两种主要制度安排。在西方理论界,关于私人慈善与福利国家的各种理论与思潮相互矛盾、相互制约,争议日久。它们的经济效率问题是争论的焦点之一。福利国家与私人慈善在经济效率上各有其存在的合理性依据,但我们完全不应夸大其词,福利国家与私人慈善也同时在经济效率上各具其局限性。从各国的实践经验上来看,福利国家与私人慈善往往并存发展,相辅相成。福利国家不应扼杀私人慈善的自由空间,而私人慈善也不可能完全取代福利国家所取得的辉煌成就。

There are two main legal systems of wealth gratuitous transfer in today＇ s world, namely： welfare state and private charity. In western theorists, a variety of theories and thoughts on private charity and welfare state mutual conflict, mutual restraint, and dispute with no end.Their economic efficiency is one of the focus. Welfare state and private charity have their reasonable basis on the economic efficiency, but we should not completely exaggerated, welfare state and private philanthropic also each with its economical limitations. From the experience of countries, the development of welfare state and private philanthropy often coexist, complement each other. Welfare state should not stifle freedom of private charity, while private charity can not completely replace the brilliant achievements of welfare state.