影响COPD患者正确吸入定量气雾剂因素的Logistic回归分析

Effects of COPD inhalation in patients with the correct analysis of the related factors of quantitative aerosol and intervention measures

目的：探讨影响慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者正确吸入定量气雾剂因素。方法回顾性分析2011年3月到2014年3月240例门诊及住院 COPD 患者，以定量气雾剂的临床应用目的和使用指征的认知度调查为评价要点，将患者性别、年龄、病程、文化程度、接受健康教育的情况以及病情与正确吸入定量气雾剂之间的关系做 Logistic 多元线性回归分析。结果①多数患者对气雾剂的认知程度较低，在1~2分间；患者使用定量气雾剂过程中出现的错误频率最高的操作即为“屏气不足10 s”和“喷吸不同步”，分别占总错误操作的36.99％和29.91％。②单因素分析显示，除性别以外，年龄、文化程度、病理程度、病程、接受健康教育均与定量气雾剂的正确吸入情况有一定的相关性（ P 〈0.05），以年龄（ P ＝0.032）和文化程度（ P ＝0.029）这两个因素对气雾剂正确吸入的影响程度最大；多因素分析显示，年龄、文化程度、病理程度这三个因素是影响气雾剂正确吸入的重要因素（ P 〈0.05）。结论年龄、文化程度、病理程度是影响 COPD 患者正确吸入定量气雾剂的重要因素，需要引起临床医生的足够重视，对患者进行针对性的健康干预。

Objective To investigate the effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD）in patients with right suction related factors and intervention measures of quantitative aerosol. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in patients with COPD in our hospital from 2011 March to 2014 March 240 cases of outpatients and inpatients,to quantify the aerosol application in clinical practice and use a survey of awareness syndrome as the evaluation points. The indexes included sex,age,course of disease,degree of education,accept the health education situation and condition and the correct relationship between quantitative aerosol inhalation agent for univariate and Logistic multivariate linear re-gression analysis. Results ①The majority of patients cognition of aerosol is relatively low. The scores of the most patients were in the 1 ~ 2 be-tween patients using quantitative aerosol. The error of most patients appearing in the process of the highest frequency of operation is ＂breath hold 10 s lack of＂ and ＂spray and suction synchronization＂,accounting about the total operation errors 36. 99% and 29. 91% . ②The single factor anal-ysis showed that besides sex,age,culture degree,pathological degree,course of disease,whether or not receiving health education were correlated with quantitative aerosol correct breathing（ P 〈 0. 05）,with age（ P = 0. 032）and the degree of culture（ P = 0. 029）the influence degree of the two factors on the correct inhalation aerosol agent of the maximum. ③Multivariate analysis showed that the three factors of age,culture degree, pathological degree are important factors affecting the correct inhalation aerosol（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Age,culture degree,pathological de-gree are important factor affects COPD of patients with inhalation of quantitative aerosol. All these factors need to be paid attention to by clinicians, patients on specific health intervention.