丙烯酸酯类聚合物膜的制备及其对尿素缓释性能的影响

Preparation of Polyacrylates' Films and Its Effect on Slow Release Performance of Urea

[目的]探讨基团种类、含量对丙烯酸酯类聚合物膜的亲水性及其对尿素缓释性能的影响。[方法]合成了带不同侧基、不同侧基含量的丙稀酸酯类聚合物,制成厚度相同的膜,测得膜的水接触角,并且采用自制尿素缓释测定装置测得不同聚合物膜的尿素释放特性曲线。[结果]丙烯酸羟乙酯和丙烯酸的加入均使得膜的水接触角变小,亲水性变好,膜的尿素累积释放率变大。这是因为亲水性材料的亲水基团(羟基、羧基等)能和水分子形成氢键,使得水分很容易透过膜层,从而使得尿素释放速率较快。[结论]通过调节丙烯酸酯类聚合物中功能基团的种类和含量来控制其缓释性能,有利于生产应用。

[ Objective ] The paper aims to discuss urea＇ s accumulative releasing ratios of polyacrylates with different types of side groups or different contents. [Method] Polyacrylates with different side groups are synthesized and made into membranes with the same thickness. The water contact angles and urea release curves of different polymers are obtained in the same conditions. [ Result] The adding of hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylic acid would diminish the water contact angles and improve the hydrophily, and with more hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylic acid, smaller water contact angles would get. The adding of hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylic acid were also in favor of the release of urea. The hydrophilic side groups can form hydrogen bonds with water, which is useful for the delivering of water and makes the release of urea faster. [ Conclusion] It is available to control the slow release performance of polyacrylates by adjusting the type or content of functional groups, which is conductive to application.