清涧河流域水沙变化规律及影响因素分析

Analysis of Variation Characters and Tendency of Water and Sediment in Qingjianhe Basin

为系统了解清涧河流域水沙变化规律及影响因素,基于清涧河流域出口控制站延川站1954-2011年径流量与输沙量资料,采用Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验法、累积曲线法和距平法等,分析了清涧河流域近58年来的水沙特征、水沙关系和水沙趋势及突变情况。结果表明,2001年以来,径流量和输沙量分别较1970年以前减少了35.5%和66.7%;径流量呈明显下降趋势,输沙量呈显著下降趋势,且在下降过程中均存在显著突变,突变分别发生在2004、1982年;流域水沙减少主要受降水量减少、水土保持措施和水库拦沙等因素影响。

In order to study the regularity and influencing factors of water and sediment discharge in Qingjianhe Basin,we analyze the trends and the abrupt variations of runoff and sediment discharge series from 1954 to 2011with the methods of Mann-Kendall,cumulative curves and anomaly.The results show that runoff and sediment discharge during2001-2011 have decreased by 35.5%and 66.7%respectively compared with the data series of 1954-1970.The abrupt variations results show that the trend of the runoff and sediment discharge is clearly downward and their abrupt change years appear in 2004 and in 1982 respectively.The reduction of runoff and sediment discharge mainly has been caused by rainfall,water conservation measures and reservoirs.