清远市某工业区农村饮用水重金属健康风险评价

Health risk assessment of heavy metal in rural drinking water in a certain industrial zone of Qingyuan city

目的监测清远市某工业区农村饮用水中Al、As、Se、Cd、Sb、Pb 6种重金属含量并评价其健康风险。方法在清远市某工业区选择104个水井作为监测对象,检测重金属含量;按《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB5749-2006进行评价,并采用美国环境保护署健康风险评价模型评价其致癌风险与非致癌风险。结果通过饮用水途径所致健康风险中,非致癌物和致癌物所致风险都低于国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的,污染物所致健康危害的个人致癌风险可接受最大值(5.00×10-5/a),其中致癌物引起的年均风险As(1.42×10-6/a)>Cd(8.24×10-8/a),非致癌物引起的年均风险Al(1.20×10-8/a)>Pb(5.41×10-9/a)>Se(1.77×10-10/a)>Sb(6.76×10-11/a)。结论清远市某工业区农村饮用水中重金属存在一定健康风险,As为产生健康风险的主要污染物,应优先考虑防治。

Objective To monitor the levels of heavy metals（ Al,As,Se,Cd,Sb,Pb） in rural drinking water in a certain industrial zone of Qingyuan and evaluate the health risks. Methods 104 wells asmonitoring objects to test the contents of heavy metals. The cntents were evaluated according to the Standard for Drinking Water Quality（ GB5749-2006） and calculated for cancer risk and hazard index according to health risk assessment models recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency（ US EPA）. Results Among the health risks caused by the carcinogens in drinking water,the health risks caused by the non-carcinogenic and carcinogens are lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP（ 5. 00 ×10^-5/ a）. Among the carcinogenic risks in drinking water,the highest risk associated with As（ 1. 42 × 10^-6/ a）,followed by Cd（ 8. 24 × 10^-8/ a）,the non-carcinogenic risks in drinking water,the highest risk associated with Al（ 1. 20 × 10^-8/ a）,followed by Pb（ 5. 41 × 10^-9/ a）,and followed by Se（ 1. 77 × 10^-10/ a）,and then Sb（ 6. 76 × 10^-11/ a）. Conclusion There has been a certain health risk in of heavy metal in rural drinking water in a certain industrial zone of qingyuan city,As is regarded as the main pollution in drinking water,so the pollution of As should be taken first to consider for prevention and treatment.