论行政登记在司法审查中的两个误区——以房屋登记行政诉讼案为切入点

Discussion About Two Mistakes of the Administrative Register in Judicial Review: From the Perspective of Administrative Litigation Cases of Housing Register

近年来,企图通过行政诉讼解决民事纠纷之实例频现于行政登记领域,尤以房屋登记行政诉讼案最为典型。然而,大量涌现的类似诉讼现象却难逃正当性拷问,在其背后潜藏着两个误区:撤销行政登记必然影响民事法律关系变动、行政诉讼撤销判决必然存在适用空间。两个误区的形成分别源自对行政登记功能定位的片面认识与对行政登记合法要件的抉择失当,因而有必要从功能定位的视角厘清许可式、确认式、公示式登记对民事法律关系变动的影响,也有必要探讨实然与应然、长远与当下所应采取的审查方式,进而确定该审查方式下行政登记在司法审查中所应确立的合法要件,以上举措是走出前述误区的关键。

In recent years , examples of attempting to resolve civil disputes through the administrative litigation occur frequently in the field of administrative registers .Especially , the administrative litigation case of housing register is the most typical one .However , large numbers of similar lawsuits are difficult in escaping from the query about legitimacy .There are two potential mistakes:the revocation of administrative registers must affect the change of civil legal relationships; the cancellation judgment of administrative litigation must have space to be applied .These two mistakes result respectively from one-sided understanding of administrative register’s function and inappropriate choice of administrative register ’s legitimate elements.It is necessary to clarify the effect of license-registration, confirmation-registration and bulletin-registration to change the civil legal relationship from the perspective of function , as well as to explore the appropriate way of review in the condition of real , ideal, future and present.Then, in accord with the way of review, determine the appropriate legitimate elements of administrative register in judicial review .These measures are the key to correcting the above mistakes .