丰产鲫精养池塘氮磷的动态与收支

Dynamics and budgets of nitrogen and phosphorus in intensive crucian carp culture ponds

对2个不同的丰产鲫(Carassiusauratus var.pengzenensis)池塘的氮、磷动态和收支进行为期3个月的测定。结果表明,养殖期间水柱中各种形态的氮磷含量在试验后期有显著的提高,其中A塘的总氮和总磷分别上升了7.8倍和4.4倍,B塘总氮和总磷分别上升了3.6倍和2.4倍。但2个池塘底泥氮磷含量在试验前后并无显著差异。饲料是鱼塘氮磷营养盐的主要来源,平均分别占池塘的氮输入的88%和磷输入的96%。A塘中的氮磷营养盐以鲫鱼鱼体产出分别占氮磷总支出的29.73%和10.06%。而B塘分别占氮磷总支出的31.29%和9.03%。大部分的氮(平均为53%)和磷(平均为87%)以沉积物的形式沉积到底泥,或者随着渗漏水流失以及通过脱氮作用、氨挥发等其他的途径离开水体。

An experiment was conducted to study the dynamics and budget of nitrogen and phosphorus in two crucian carp(Carassiusauratus var.pengzenensis)pondsfor about three months.The results showed that the concentrations of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water column were increased significantly during the late experimental period.The concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus were increased by 7.8times and 4.4times in pond A,and by 3.6times and 2.4times in pond B,respectively.The concentration of total nitrogen and phosphorus in pond mud had no significant changes.Feed is the major source of nitrogen and phosphorus in the pond,accounting for 88% and 96%of the input of nitrogen and phosphorus on average,respectively.The accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in fish body accounted for 29.73% and 10.06% of the total expenditure in pond A,31.29% and9.03%in pond B,respectively.Most of the nitrogen(53%)and phosphorus(87%)were deposited in the mud or left the water body through leakage,denitrification and ammonia volatilization.