煤炭间接液化:从基础到工业化

Indirect coal-to-liquids technology from fundamental research to commercialization

中国需要自主发展煤炭间接液化工业化技术,以缓解油品供应的紧张局面,保障经济的可持续发展.近年来中国成功地进行了煤炭间接液化示范厂的运行,掌握了成熟可靠的费托合成催化剂技术和大型合成反应器技术,正在设计和建设百万吨级合成油商业厂.本文简要介绍了国内外煤炭间接液化技术发展状态,评述了我国煤炭间接液化技术在费托合成反应机理、催化剂研制、反应动力学、反应器设计、系统工艺集成、油品加工等方面从基础到工程技术的研究进展,分析了我国建设百万吨级煤炭间接液化商业厂需要解决的关键基础和工程技术问题,并对我国未来煤制油产业化发展的前景以及所面临的挑战与对策进行了展望.

China needs to independently develop indirect coal-to-liquids（CTL） technology for commercialization, which can relieve the tense situation of oil supply and ensure the economic sustainable development. Currently, China has successfully run CTL demonstration plant and achieved the industrially proven technology of FischerTropsch catalyst and synthesis reactor, and has been designing and setting up million ton scale CTL commercial plant. The paper briefly introduces the progress of indirect CTL technology over the world, reviews the research progress from basic research to engineering technology in China＇s coal indirect liquefaction process, including Fischer-Tropsch synthesis mechanism, catalyst preparation, reaction kinetics, industrial reactor design, system process integration and synfuels processing, highlights the key basic research and engineering problems for the construction of CTL industry with an outlook for the future, and puts forward the challenges and countermeasures in China.