英汉中动结构的语义、结构及类别研究

The Semantic-Syntactic Study and Classification of English and Chinese Middles

既往的中动结构研究并未形成一致观点。本研究从被动、中动的结构差异出发,论证中动结构不存在显性和隐形外论元,而动词的概念性事件语义特征决定了中动结构不含外论元。本研究继而论证,中动结构中必须包含性状附加语成分,而可能存在的介词成分也是附加语。研究还界定了汉英中动结构的真伪并依据结构划分了不同中动类型。

The former studies concerning middles did not reach agreement on the syntactic and semantic feature of this structure.Starting from the structural differences between passives and middles,this study attempts to prove that there exists neither explicit nor implicit external argument in middles.Semantically,the absence of the external argument is caused by the conceptual eventiveness feature of the main verbs.Middles ought to contain adjuncts indicating property and mode.The prepositional phrase possibly existing in middles is adjunct.In addition,the present study also defines and classifies English and Chinese middles based on structure.