民国时期广州城市卫生行政区划研究

Research on the Health Administrative Division in Guangzhou City During the Republican Period

基于城市单项卫生行政职能的需要，将整个城市划分为若干卫生区，配置相应的固定驻所、卫生设施和专业人员，实行城市卫生分区管理，是民国广州所确立的近代城市卫生行政区划建制。1920～30年代，广州卫生区划以六区制为基本架构，六大卫生区大体上以珠江为横轴，沿江依次南北纵向分布。自30年代中后期起，其卫生区划开始往东、南远郊乡村地区延伸。研究表明，广州卫生区人口与资源配置特点、卫生区划架构的演进过程及其区划特征，与其城市人口规模、自然地理和社会空间特征、城市扩张方向、卫生经费支持等因素密切相关。这一卫生区划建制在近代中国形塑了具有现代性的城市公共卫生空间。

Based on the needs of individual urban health administrative functions, Guangzhou di- vided the whole city into several health zones, with corresponding settled stations, health facilities and professional staffs, to manage the urban public health according to the zones. The modern urban health administrative division system was established in Guangzhou during the Republican period. In 1920--30＇s, its health division was based on six--zone system, and taking the Pearl River as the hori- zontal axis, six health zones were in turn distributed with north--south longitudinal shapes along the Pearl River. Since the mid--to late 30＇s, Guangzhou＇s health division system had started to extend across the suburban rural areas in the south and east. The research shows that the allocation features of population and resources in health zones, the evolving process of health division system and its zon- ing characteristics were correlated with these factors, such as the urban population size, the urban physical geographical and social space features, the urban expansion direction and the health funding. The health administrative division system shaped the modern urban public health space in Modern China.