免疫治疗背景下提高临床肿瘤教学水平的探讨

Discussion about How to Improve Clinical Oncology Teaching in the New Era of Cancer Immunotherapy

肿瘤发病率的日益攀升以及临床肿瘤学的迅速发展,对培养专业的临床肿瘤学人才提出了更高的要求。随着第一个细胞免疫治疗药物Sipuleucel-T被美国FDA批准用于晚期前列腺癌的治疗,肿瘤治疗进入免疫治疗的新时代,现有传统临床肿瘤学教学方法及观念已经不能适应目前的要求,因此必须提高临床教学水平。本文在肿瘤免疫治疗迅速发展背景下,对如何提高临床肿瘤教学水平进行思考与探讨,通过加强肿瘤分子生物学及细胞分子免疫学理论教学,以及在教学过程中贯穿循证医学与个体化治疗相结合的理念、引入多学科参与的肿瘤综合治疗模式,并强调心理干预和人文关怀的重要性,兼顾教学理论和临床实践最新进展及趋势,有效地帮助学生树立全面、科学的临床肿瘤治疗理念,掌握改善临床肿瘤治疗的有效方法,切实提升临床肿瘤学的教学质量和水平,培养出能胜任现代临床肿瘤学实践需求的专业人才。

With the rapid increase of incidence of tumor and development of the clinical oncology, an advanced requirement of more professional oncologist is expected. The first therapeutic cancer vaccine Sipuleucel-T was approved by U.S FDA on 2010 which indicated that cancer therapy had entered the new era of immunotherapy. However, the concepts and methods of the traditional oncology teaching failed to meet the requirements of clinical practice of oncology. The medical colleges must adjust the teaching modes in time and adopt some more efficient ways to address the issue. Aiming to help the students to establish a scientific whole picture of clinical cancer therapy and obtain the skills to improve clinical performance, this paper demonstrated how to improve teaching in the clinical practice of oncology and effectively elevate the quality and level of teaching of clinical oncology, via more teaching in molecular oncology and cellular immunology, highlighting the concepts of combination between evidence-based medicine and individualized medicine, introducing multidisciplinary team mode in clinical oncology, paying more attention to psychological interference and humanistic care in clinical practice. With the new and modified teaching mode it is possible to improve the quality of oncology teaching and train more professional oncologist matching the need of modern clinical oncology.