多巴胺能神经系统对睡眠-觉醒和认知的调控作用

The Regulation of Dopaminergic Nervous System on Sleep- awakeness and Cognition

人的精神活动高级而又复杂,至今仍是未解之谜。目前研究认为多巴胺作为脑内重要神经递质,参与调节人的精神活动和运动功能,尤其在睡眠的主动性神经调节过程,以及学习记忆等认知功能的神经环路中,多巴胺都发挥着不可替代的作用。本文将通过对多巴胺神经系统,睡眠,认知功能的概述,以及通过对多巴胺神经系统与睡眠-觉醒系统和认知功能的解剖学联系的简述,结合多巴胺神经元、多巴胺受体及多巴胺转运体等不同角度分别阐述其对睡眠-觉醒和认知功能的调控作用,以期揭开人类精神活动的产生机制的一层面纱,以及对多巴胺药物对神经退行性变疾病的治疗靶点提供一定的理论支持。

Human mental activities are advanced and complex, which are still an unsolved mystery. Recent studies prompt that dopamine regulates mental activities and motor function as an extremely important neurotransmitter in the brain, expecially in the mechanisms of sleep-awakeness and cognitive function such as learning and memory. This review will summarize dopaminergic nervous system, sleep, cognitive function, and sketch the anatomic structure of dopaminergic nervous system and sleep-awakeness, cognitive function, to discuss this function from different dimensions including dopamine neurons, dopamine receptors（DR） and dopamine transporters. In order to announce the mechanisms of human mental activities, and provide the theoretical support for dopaminergic agents for neurodegenerative diseases.