超声测量肾盂角在诊断胎儿马蹄肾中的应用价值

Value of ultrasonography measuring renal pelvic angle in the diagnosis of fetal horseshoe kidney

目的评价超声测量胎儿肾盂角在产前诊断胎儿马蹄肾中的应用价值。方法 32例马蹄肾胎儿为马蹄肾组,正常中晚孕胎儿200例为对照组,建立正常胎儿肾盂角范围并分析其与孕周相关性;并将对照组胎儿与已证实为马蹄肾胎儿的肾盂角进行比较,分析肾盂角在诊断马蹄肾的敏感性及特异性。结果对照组胎儿中孕期肾盂角(171±7)°,晚孕期(163±6)°,马蹄肾组肾盂角中孕期(110±10)°,晚孕期(100±11)°;马蹄肾组肾盂角较对照组小(P<0.05)。对照组胎儿肾盂角与孕周呈负相关;以肾盂角140°为界,诊断胎儿马蹄肾的敏感性为97%,特异性为100%。结论超声观测肾盂角在诊断胎儿马蹄肾中有重要作用。

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasonography measuring renal pelvic angle in the prenatal diagnosis of fetal horseshoe kidney. Methods Thirty two fetuses with horseshoe kidney were included to horseshoe kidney group and 200 normal fetuses were included to normal group.The reference range of normal fetuses were established and its relationship with gestational weeks were analyzed. The renal pelvic angle of the fetuses with horseshoe kidney was compared with that of normal fetuses. The sensitivity and specificity of renal pelvic angle in the diagnosis of horseshoe kidney was analyzed. Results In normal fetuses, the renal pelvic angle was 171 ±7° in second trimester and 163 ±6° in third trimester. In fetuses with horseshoe kidney, it was 110 ±10° and 100 ±11° ,respectively. The renal pelvic angle in fetuses with horseshoe kidney was smaller than that in normal fetuses （P〈0.05）.There is negative relationship between renal pelvic angle and gestational weeks. Using 140°as the discriminating criterion, the sensitivity and specificity of renal pelvic angle in the diagnosis of horseshoe kidneys was 97% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The renal pelvic angle is very important and useful in the diagnosis of fetal horseshoe kidney.