纤维环修复同步行内镜下腰椎间盘摘除:早期腰椎功能恢复比较

Microendoscopic discectomy associated with annulus repair:comparison of early functional recovery of the lumbar spine

背景:研究表明有限腰椎间盘髓核摘除可获得更好的临床疗效,但同时面临更高的复发风险,临床上如何在既保证获得良好疗效的同时,又降低椎间盘突出复发的概率,纤维环修复技术可能是有效途径,但目前报道极少。目的:探讨显微内窥镜下行腰椎间盘髓核摘除并同步行纤维环修复治疗腰椎间盘突出症的早期临床疗效。方法:收集南方医科大学第三附属医院脊柱外科2011年1月至2013年1月收治,患有腰椎间盘突出症接受椎间盘镜手术患者224例,其中56例同时行纤维环缝合作为修复组,对照组168例单纯行椎间盘镜髓核摘除。两组均记录术前、术后10 d及术后3,6,12,18个月Oswestry功能障碍评分、腰痛和下肢痛的目测类比评分。同时记录手术并发症、术后腰椎间盘突出复发情况。结果与结论:修复组51例患者获得完整随访,对照组均获得完整随访。修复组与对照组术前及术后Oswestry功能障碍评分、腰部和下肢目测类比评分比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。修复组术后10 d Oswestry功能障碍评分、目测类比评分均低于术前(P<0.05),并持续到术后18个月。两组均未发生硬膜囊撕裂、椎间隙感染、椎管内血肿形成等严重并发症。对照组9.5%复发,其中有31.2%再次手术,修复组中3.9%复发,无再次手术者。结果证实,腰椎间盘髓核摘除联合纤维环修复可获得显著的早期临床效果,有效降低了腰椎间盘突出的复发率及再次手术的风险,安全可靠。

BACKGROUND：Studies have shown that limited lumbar discectomy can harvest better clinical efficacy, but also face a higher risk of recurrence. In clinic, how to guarantee access to good effect, and meanwhile to reduce the probability of recurrent disc herniation？ The annulus repair technology may be an effective way, but it is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE：To investigate the early clinical effects of endoscopic lumbar discectomy associated with annulus repair in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. METHODS： Totaly 224 patients with lumbar disc herniation who accepted discectomy surgery were selected from the Department of Spinal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2011 to January 2013, including 56 cases of microendoscopic discectomy associated with annulus repair （repair group） and 168 cases of microendoscopic discectomy （control group）. Oswestry disability index and visual analog scale scores for lumbago and lower limb pain were recorded before and at 10 days, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months after operation. Simultaneously, operative time, blood loss, surgical complications, and postoperative recurrence of lumbar disc herniation were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：In the repair group, only 51 patients completed the folow-up, while al the patients in the control group completed the folow-up. There was no difference between the repair and control groups before and after surgery in the Oswestry disability index and visual analog scale scores for lumbago and lower limb pain （P 〉 0.05）, but at 10 days after surgery, the Oswestry disability index and visual analog scale scores for lumbago and lower limb pain were significantly decreased in the repair group （P 〈 0.05）, and this trend continued until the 18th month after surgery. There were no dural tears, disc space infection, hematoma formation in the spinal canal and other serious complications. The recurrence rate was 9.5% in the control group and 3.9% in the repair group. 31.2% of relapsed patients in the control group received the second operation, while on patient in the repair group received reoperation. These findings indicate that microendoscopic discectomy associated with annulus repair can obtain remarkable early clinical results, and effectively reduce the recurrent rate and risk of secondary lumbar disc surgery, which is safe and reliable.