广州市花都区儿童蛲虫感染因素调查

Survey on the Child pinworm infection factors in Huadu district,Guangzhou city

目的了解花都区儿童蛲虫感染主要影响因素,为蛲虫病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 2013年在全区乡镇（街道）采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取24所幼儿园24所小学作为调查点,使用问卷进行相关影响因素调查,在每所学校（园）随机调查家长各50名以上,对每所学校（园）的卫生设施及卫生管理措施等现场问卷调查。采用Excel软件进行统计分析。结果 2013年1~3月,在花都区所有乡镇（街道）共调查24所幼儿园和24所小学,调查家长1 963人,学校（园）48所。知晓率：家长对蛲虫的感染、危害及防治等的知晓率为80.95%（1 589/1 963）,城区的高于乡（镇）的,分别为82.80%（626/756）和77.55%（963/1 207）;卫生行为：个人卫生行为习惯,如饭前便后洗手、剪指甲等,家庭卫生情况,如拖地抹台凳、玩具清洗消毒等,显示城区的优于乡镇的,幼儿比小学生好;学校（园）卫生环境设施及管理制度：如厕所卫生状况、洗手设施配置、室外环境清洗等情况显示,幼儿园比小学好,城区的比乡镇的好。结论个人卫生习惯以及学校（园）的卫生设施及其管理等是影响蛲虫感染的主要因素,今后必须加强健康教育、卫生行为的培养和强化幼儿园及学校的卫生管理。

Objective To understand main influencing factors of pinworm infections in children in the Huadu district, and provide scientific basis for the enterobiasis prevention and control. Method Stratified random sampling method was used to select 24 primary schools and 24 kindergartens for the investigation. The questionnaire was used to survey related factors, in each school 50 parents or more were randomly chosen. Sanitation and hygiene management measures were surveyed by on-site inquiry investigation. Excel software was applied for statistical analysis. Result In 2013, January to March, a total of 24 kindergartens and 24 primary schools in Huadu district were investigated. 1963 parents and 48 schools were surveyed.The awareness rate of pinworm infection, harm and prevention among the parents was 80.95%. Awareness rate of urban parents （82.90%） was significantly higher than that of rural parents （77.55%）. For individual hygiene habit, like washing hands before meals and after toilet, cutting fingernails, etc, household hygiene, like sweeping the floor, cleaning the tables and chairs, ere, school sanitation and management system, like toilet hygiene, facilities for washing hands, outdoor environment cleaning, ere, the kindergarten was better than primary school; the city people was better than the villages. Conclusion The family and personal hygiene habits and school health facilities and managementare the main factors influencing the pinworm infection. Health education should be strengthened particular in the individual hygiene habit and health management.