番茄斑萎病毒对多杀菌素抗性西花蓟马发育繁殖和药剂敏感性的影响

Effects of tomato spotted wilt virus on the development,reproduction and insecticide susceptibility of the spinosad-resistant western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis( Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

【目的】西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)是重要的入侵害虫,是番茄斑萎病毒(TSWV)最有效的传播媒介,TSWV对西花蓟马的生长发育有一定的影响。多杀菌素是防治西花蓟马最有效的药剂之一,但已有田间西花蓟马对多杀菌素产生抗药性的报道。TSWV对抗性西花蓟马是否也有影响及程度如何尚不清楚。本研究通过对此问题进行深入研究,以期为进一步了解TSWV对西花蓟马的影响提供依据。【方法】应用特定年龄-龄期及两性生命表的方法,研究用番茄斑萎病毒处理和未处理的多杀菌素抗性和敏感西花蓟马种群的生物学特性;用叶管药膜法测定不同处理种群对3种药剂(多杀菌素、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和虫螨腈)的敏感性变化。【结果】对于抗性品系,TSWV处理后西花蓟马的发育历期缩短,雌成虫寿命和产卵量略高,但与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),内禀增长率(r)和净生殖率(R0)分别为0.0433 d-1和2.210,显著高于对照组(分别为0.0356 d-1和1.972)(P≤0.001)。对于敏感品系,TSWV处理后西花蓟马的发育历期缩短,雌雄成虫寿命均显著延长(P≤0.001),产卵量也略有提高,R0为4.125,显著高于对照组(3.979)(P≤0.001)。TSWV处理后敏感和抗性西花蓟马对多杀菌素的敏感性没有发生明显变化,对甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和虫螨腈的敏感性显著降低。【结论】番茄斑萎病毒对多杀菌素敏感和抗性西花蓟马均有直接有利影响,病毒处理的西花蓟马发育历期缩短,繁殖能力增强,成虫寿命延长,对药剂的敏感性降低。

[ Aim ] The western flower thrips （WFT）, Frankliniella occidentalis （Pergande）, is an important invasive insect pest. It is also the most effective vector for tomato spotted wilt virus （TSWV） which has a certain influence on the growth and development of F. occidentalis. Spinosad is one of the most effective insecticides in F. occidentalis control. However, it has been reported that F. occidentalis has developed resistance to spinosad in the field. Whether TSWV has an impact on the resistant strain and how high the impact is are not clear. This study would provide a basis for further understanding of the impact of TSWV on F. occidentalis. [ Methods ] Age-stage and two-sex life tables were used to study the biological characteristics of the spinosad-resistant and susceptible strains of F. occidentalis with TSWV treated or non-treated. The susceptibilities of the spinosad-resistant and susceptible strains of F. occidentalis to three insecticides （spinosad, emamectin benzoate and chlorfenapyr） were investigated by using leaf-tube residue method. [ Results] For the resistant strain of F. occidentalis treated by TSWV, the developmental period shortened, the female longevity and fecundity increased, but they showed no significant difference from those of the non-treated thrips （P 〉 0.05）. The intrinsic rate of increase （ r,0.0433 d-1） and the net reproduction rate （R0, 2. 210） of the resistant strain treated by TSWV were significantly higher than those in the control group （0.0356 d-1 and 1. 972, respectively） （P≤0. 001 ）. As for the susceptible strain treated by TSWV, the developmental period shortened, the adult longevity increased significantly （ P ≤ 0. 001 ） , and the fecundity increased as well. The R0 of TSWV-treated susceptible strain （4. 125 ） was significantly higher than that in the control group （3. 979 ） （P ≤ 0. 001 ）. The susceptibilities of the spinosad-resistant and susceptible strains of F. occidentalis treated by TSWV to spinosad had no obvious change compared with those of the corresponding non-treated thrips. However, their susceptibilities to emamectin benzoate and chloffenapyr decreased significantly. [ Conclusion ] TSWV has directly positive effect on the biological characteristics of both the spinosad- resistant and susceptible strains of F. occidentalis. The TSWV treated thrips have shortened developmental period, enhanced fecundity and longer adult longevity, and decreased susceptibility to insecticides.