基于数字图像处理技术的沥青路面表面纹理构造分布

Texture structure distribution of asphalt pavement surface based on digital image processing technology

通过规范沥青路面图像采集操作过程,减少数字图像的信息误差,将沥青路面表面数字图像转换为灰度图像,确定判定阈值并将灰度图像转换成二值图像,计算沥青路面表面纹理构造各下凹小区域的个数、面积、近似直径组成以及路表下凹面积分数,量化分析沥青路面表面纹理构造分布状态,并提出沥青路面表面纹理构造分布均匀性评价方法。研究结果表明:沥青路面路表下凹面积分数随着使用年限增大呈下降趋势,下降幅度逐渐趋于平缓,沥青路面表层抗滑值与路表下凹面积分数呈近似抛物曲线关系。运用数字图像处理技术分析路表纹理构造分布状况,可避免人为主观性因素,能方便快捷地检测沥青路面表面纹理构造的质量水平。

By means of regulating digital image captured process of asphalt pavement surface, the error of digital image information could be reduced. The digital image of asphalt pavement surface was converted to gray image. The value of the decision threshold was calculated, and then the gray image was turned into binary image. The characteristic values concerning some petty concave regions of the surface texture of asphalt pavement are calculated. The characteristic values of concave regions included number, area, approximate diameter size and its distribution. The concave area percentage of the pavement surface was contained. The texture structure distribution of the asphalt pavement surface was quantitatively analyzed, and its homogeneity evaluation method was presented. The results show that the concave area percentage of the asphalt pavement surface decreases and its decline rate gradually becomes flattened with the increase of its usage time, and the relationship between the concave area percentage of the pavement surface and the skid resistance value of its texture structure is an approximate parabola curve. The analysis method using digital image processing technology might avoid man-made subjective factor, which can quickly test the quality level of the asphalt pavement surface texture.