双语语言转换中存在语音效应和语言转换代价吗?——来自ERP的证据

Do Phonological Effect and Language Switch Cost Exist in Bilingual Language Switch?——Evidence from ERP

目的:考察双语语音转换中是否存在语音效应。方法:选取19名汉英双语在校英语专业研究生为被试,应用ERP技术和出声的图片命名任务考察双语语言转换中的语音效应。结果:(1)语音效应方面,封闭语境条件下,英语的平均波幅显著大于汉语的平均波幅,语言类型差异显著;音译词和非音译词的平均波幅差异不显著;混合语境条件下,音译词的平均波幅均小于非音译词的平均波幅;非转换语境的平均波幅均大于转换语境的平均波幅,转换语境比非转换语境的词汇更容易被激活。(2)转换代价方面,混合语境条件下,音译词和非音译词之间的转换代价差异不显著,汉语和英语间的转换代价差异显著,熟练语言的转换代价大于非熟练语言的转换代价。结论:(1)封闭语境条件下不产生语音效应,混合语境条件下产生语音效应。(2)熟练语言的转换代价大于非熟练语言的转换代价。(3)语音效应与语境有关,语言转换代价与语言熟练程度有关。

Objective： To investigate whether phonological effect exists in the language switch. Methods： 19 Chinese-English bilingual graduate students at the school were selected as the participants. Erp technology and aloud picture naming were used to investigate phonological effect in the language switch. Results：（1） Phonological effect, under closed context, the average volatility of English was significantly greater than Chinese＇s; There was no significant difference between transliterating words. under mixed context, the average volatility of the transliterating words was significantly smaller than the non-transliterating words; the average volatility of the non-switch context was significantly grater than the switch context, the vocabularies in the switch context were more easily activated than in the non-switch context.（2） Switch cost, under mixed context, the switch cost between the transliterating words and non-transliterating words was not significant; the switch cost between Chinese and English was significant. Skilled language switch costs were greater than the costs of unskilled language switch. Conclusion：（1） Phonological effect produced in mixed language conduction and not in closed.（2）Skilled language switch costs were greater than the costs of unskilled language.（3） Phonological effect was related with language context, while language switch cost was related with language proficiency.