无机固体电解质材料的基础与应用研究

Research progress of inorganic solid electrolytes in foundmental and application field

全固态锂电池由于具有安全性高、循环寿命长、能量密度高等特点,在高安全化学电源领域具有非常好的应用前景。固体电解质材料是全固态锂电池的核心,迄今被研究过的锂离子固体电解质体系很多,但性能好的材料较少。NASICON型结构氧化物、石榴石型结构氧化物、硫化物体系等锂离子固体电解质在室温下具备高离子电导率,是最具有应用前景的3类锂离子固体电解质材料。本文针对近年来国内外在这3类固体电解质材料方面的研究现状,主要从其结构特征、制备方法、改性研究等方面进行了简要的概括,归纳出各种电解质材料的特点,最后阐述锂离子固体电解质材料应用于全固态锂电池中面临的挑战和发展的前景。

Due to high safety, long service life and high energy density, all-solid-state lithium battery has a good application prospect in high-safety chemical power source field. As the key part of all-solid-state lithium battery, solid electrolytes have attracted lots of attention and have been thoroughly studied for many years, but only few solid electrolytes showed good performance. NASICON-type oxide electrolytes, garnet-type oxide electrolytes and sulfide electrolytes possess high conductivities at room temperature, thus have been regarded as solid electrolytes with great application potential. This article presents a brief review of the researches on these solid electrolytes from the aspects of structural characteristics, preparation and modifications. The challenges and prospects of the applications of solid electrolytes in all-solid-state lithium battery are also stated.