2011—2013年烟台市城市生活饮用水水质分析

Drinking Water Quality in Yantai Urban Area in 2011—2013

目的分析烟台市近年来城市生活饮用水卫生状况及变化趋势,为保障城市居民饮水安全提供科学依据。方法 2011—2013年连续3年选取烟台市区出厂水、末梢水和二次供水进行监测。水样的采集、保存、运输和检验按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)进行。结果按照《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行评价。烟台市2011—2013年共监测1032份水样,生活饮用水水质总体合格率为82.46%,各年水质合格率差别无统计学意义(P=2.59,P>0.05),其中市政供水出厂水的合格率为100%,检测结果显示烟台市出厂水水质完全符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)要求。市政供水管网末梢水的合格率为82.36%,主要不合格指标为菌落总数、游离性余氯和浑浊度;二次供水的合格率为77.50%,主要不合格因素为菌落总数、溶解性总固体、总硬度和游离性余氯。结论烟台市的市政水质比较稳定,末梢水水质的合格率较高,但仍有不合格因素,卫生状况存在隐患,应进一步加强对生活饮用水特别是二次供水的监管。

Objectives To study the hygienic condition of drinking water in Yantai City in recent years, and provide a scientific basis for effectively supervising the safety of drinking water. Methods Drinking water samples were treated water from municipal waterworks, tap water and water from secondary water supplies. Water samples were collected and preserved according to standard examination methods （ GB/T 5750 - 2006） and the results were evaluated according to the Standards for Drinking Water Quality （ GB 5749 - 2006）. Results The qualified rate of 1 032 drinking water samples collected in 2011-2013 was 82.46%, and no significant difference among years （P 〈 0.05 ）. The qualified rate of treated water from municipal drinking water supplies was 100% in line with sanitary standards, and the qualified rate of peripheral water was 82.36%. The unqualified items in tap water were mainly total bacteria counts, free residual chlorine, turbidity and coli form bacteria. The qualified rates of drinking water from secondary water supplies were 77.50% , and the unqualified detected items were primarily total bacteria counts, soluble total solid, total hardness and free residual chlorine. Conclusions The quality of drinking water in Yantai City was conformed to the national standard on the whole, but the quality of some items was still lower than the national standard, therefore, a further supervision on the quality of drinking water, especially the water from secondary water supplies, must be enhanced to deal with the potential hygienic risks.