近30年来民国地方政权研究综述

Summary of Recent 30-Year Studies on Local Governments in the Republic of China

近30年来学术界对民国地方政权的研究重点集中在地方政治制度、地方自治、党政关系、县官群体等方面。在地方政治制度上,学者对北洋政府和南京政府时期的国家体制、地方制度以及社会变迁作了详尽的探讨,学术成果显著;在地方自治上,学界主要是对省自治和县自治以及自治的步骤进行了探究;在党政关系上,主要是研究党权弱化于政权的变化过程,并讨论了此种变化的主客观原因;在县官群体上,主要考察了县官的任用程序、奖惩办法和薪俸待遇等方面。随着研究的深入和不断发展,民国时期地方政权的研究也面临着资料收集困难分析不够充分等问题。

Over the past 30 years,the academic study on the local governments in the Republic of China has focused mainly on the local political system,local self - government, party and government relations, the magistrate groups, etc. In the local political system, scholars have made a detailed discussion on state institution, local institution and social changes during Northern Government and Nanjing Government, and simultaneously made remarkable academ- ic achievements. On local self - government, provincial autonomy, county autonomy and self - government steps are explored. On Party and local government relations, scholars have studied the subjective and objective reasons why the right of the Party was weaker than the regime. In the magistrate groups, the appointment of magistrate procedure, incentives and disincentives and salaries and other benefits have been mainly explored. With further research and continuous development, such research will face difficulties in analyzing inadequate data collection.