米塞斯方法论的得与失——反思中国社会发展的主观基础

The Merits and Demerits of Ludwig von Mises' Methodology, with a Reflection on the Subjective Foundation of Chinese Social Development

奥地利学派最为关键的特征,应是其拥有的一套方法论个人主义和主观主义原则,然而对于奥地利学派方法论的内涵及其应用,一直以来却存在着不少的误解。从米塞斯的"人的行动学"入手梳理方法论个人主义和主观主义的基本内涵,发现其方法论原则有助于认识社会制度演化的本质。通过比较分析两类解释中国经济增长的理论,探索运用个人主义和主观主义方法来反思中国社会发展的可能性。

The defining characteristic of the Austrian School is the principles of the methodological individualism and subjectivism. But for the meaning and applications of the Austrian School 's methodology, there has been a lot of misunderstanding. In the first part of this article we interpret the basic meaning of the methodological individu-alism and subjectivism. In the second part we analyze the merits and demerits of Mises 's methodology, noting that this methodology can help us understand the nature of social evolution. In the third part we analyze the theories which explain China's economic growth, and try to explore the possibilities to study China 's social development through the methodological individualism and subjectivism.