元明时期Mekrin部史事考

A Study on the Mekrin in the Yuan and Ming Dynasty

Mekrin部是游牧于哈密、巴里坤、塔失城和亦集乃一带历史悠久的游牧部族,汉文和非汉文史料多有记录,中外学者关注已久。和田清和司律思的专题文章就此部进行了讨论。利用《经世大典·站赤》和《明实录》的史料,作者证明Mekrin部在元明时期的身份一直是河西察合台系诸王出伯及其后王的分民。由于成化九年(1473)土鲁番攻占哈密,作为出伯系后王的哈密王被俘,他的属民Mekrin部的一部分投奔明朝,接受安置,被称为"乜克力",而流落在明朝境外,没有接受明朝安置的Mekrin人被称为"野乜克力"。

The Mekrin,which was called as Moli,Miekeli,Miejilian,etc.in ancient Han literature,was a group of nomadic people who had been in the north of Hamil,a mountainous area,until 1473 when Turpan occupied Hamil.Wada Se and Fr.Henry Serruys studied once their history in the Ming dynasty.Based on their works and newly discovered sources,this paper argued that they had been subject people of Chagataid Princes Chubais during the Yuan and early Ming dynasty.In 1473,the Mekrin who went to take refuge in the Ming dynasty were called the Mekri(n);others of them,however,who did not went over to the Ming dynasty were called the wild Mekri(n).