中国伙伴关系战略评估与展望

Partnership Strategy of China:Progress,Evaluation and Prospects

伙伴关系是国际行为体间基于共同利益、通过共同行动、为实现共同目标而建立的一种独立自主的国际合作关系。基于维护国家利益和拓展国际影响的需要,中国构建了以和平共处五项原则为基础,通过双边关系改善带动全球战略拓展的伙伴关系战略。自1993年与巴西建立战略伙伴关系以来,中国的伙伴关系战略历经探索和实践,合作的全面性与战略性不断深化。截至2014年年底,中国同世界上67个国家、5个地区建立了72对不同形式的伙伴关系,在全球、地区、双边和国家层面上均取得积极成效,既为中国的崛起创造了有利的国际环境,也在一定程度上维护了地区乃至全球的和平与稳定。但中国的伙伴关系战略仍有亟待完善之处,存在着地位不清晰、成效不确定和层次不分明等问题。据此,作者提出如下政策建议:优化中国伙伴关系战略,将伙伴关系战略打造成中国外交战略的核心支撑,建立伙伴关系战略与自由贸易区战略、"一带一路"战略、二十国集团战略等的联动机制,完善中国伙伴关系战略的合作深化机制与矛盾解决机制,推动伙伴关系战略在地区和全球层面的运用。

Partnership is a kind of international cooperation relations based on common interests to achieve common goals through common actions.China has conceived and undertaken partnership strategy to expand its global strategy by improving its bilateral relations.Since the establishment of strategic partnership in 1993 with Brazil,China has deepened partnership strategy as a cornerstone of its diplomacy.Up to the end 2014,China has established partnership relations with 67 countries and five regional organizations,with different features.The strategy has achieved positive results at the global,regional and bilateral level,contributing to a favorable international environment for China's rise and the maintenance of regional and global peace and stability.On the other hand,China's partnership strategy still needs to be improved,for its positioning,significance or level arrangements are still not clearly demarcated.Accordingly,we suggest that China should optimize its partnership strategy and confirm its role as a pillar of China's diplomacy.It also needs to set up the linkage between partnership strategy and other strategies,such as FTA strategy, ' One Belt and One Road' strategy and international organizations strategy.In addition,it should optimize its mechanism in deepening cooperation and solving contradictions,thus promoting its application at both regional and global level.